3. The number of chromosomes in a certain type of cell division is halved. This kind of cell division occurs in
A. only testis
B. only ovary
C. both ovary and testis
D. all body cells
4. In which one of the following options the stages of mitosis have been given in correct sequence?
A. Prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase
B. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
C. Anaphase, telophase, prophase, metaphase
D. Telophase, anaphase, prophase, metaphase
5. The functional unit of heredity is:
a) Chromosome
b) DNA
c) Gene
d) Allele
6. The separation of homologous chromosomes occurs in:
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis I
c) Meiosis II
d) Cytokinesis
7. What is produced at the end of meiosis?
a) Two diploid cells
b) Four haploid cells
c) Two haploid cells
d) Four diploid cells
8.In humans, which of the following represents a male genotype?
a) XX
b) XY
c) YY
d) XO
9. Which part of the cell controls heredity?
a) Cytoplasm
b) Mitochondria
c) Nucleus
d) cell wall
10. What is the phenotypic ratio in a monohybrid cross?
a) 3:1
b) 1:2:1
c) 9:3:3:1
d) 1:1
11. Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the alignment of chromosomes at the equator?
a) Prophase
b) Metaphase
c) Anaphase
d) Telophase
12. Which of the following is a sex-linked disorder?
a) Sickle cell anaemia
b) Colour blindness
c) Thalassemia
d) Down syndrome
13. Assertion (A): Gregor Mendel is known as the Father of Genetics.
Reason (R): He proposed the laws of inheritance based on experiments with pea plants.
a) A and R are true, R explains A
b) A is true, R is false
c) A is false, R is true
d) Both A and R are false
14. Assertion (A): Cancer is often caused by uncontrolled mitosis.
Reason (R): Tumor cells divide rapidly and ignore normal checkpoints.
a) A and R are true, R explains A
b) A is true, R is false
c) A is false, R is true
d) Both A and R are false
15. Assertion (A): Mendel chose pea plant for his experiments.
Reason (R): Pea plants show only vegetative reproduction.
a) A and R are true, R explains A
b) A is true, R is false
c) A is false, R is true
d) Both A and R are false
16. Assertion (A): Dominant traits mask recessive traits.
Reason (R): Dominant alleles are expressed in both homozygous and heterozygous conditions.
a) A and R are true, R explains A
b) A is true, R is false
c) A is false, R is true
d) Both A and R are false
17. Assertion (A): A hybrid tall plant is crossed with a dwarf. Half of the progeny is tall and half is dwarf.
Reason (R): Hybrid tall plant is heterozygous.
a) A is true, R is false
b) A is false, R is true
C) Both A and R are false
d) A and R are true, R explains A
18. Assertion (A): A carrier female of haemophilia is phenotypically normal.
Reason (R): Haemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disorder.
a) A is true, R is false
b) A and R are true, R explains
c) A is false, R is true
d) Both A and R are false
19. Assertion (A): X-chromosome carries more genes than Y-chromosome.
Reason (R): Y-chromosome is shorter than X.
a) Both A and R are false
b) A is true, R is false
c) A is false, R is true
d) A and R are true, R explains A
20. Assertion (A): The genotype of a pure tall plant is TT.
Reason (R): Homozygous dominant traits are written in capital letters.
a) A is false, R is true
b) A is true, R is false
c) A and R are true, R explains A
d) Both A and R are false
21.The type of cell division that occurs in the apical meristem of plants is......
a) Meiosis
b) Prophase
c) Anaphase
d) Mitosis
22. ........means the splitting of the nucleus.
a) Cytokinesis
b) Nuclear fissure
c) Karyokenisis
d) Meiosis
23) ......is the point at which sister chromatids are held together.
a) Spindle
b) Chromosome
c) chromatids
d) centromere
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